The standing at Arafat, on the 9th of Dhul-Hijjah

The Day of Arafah: travelling from Mina, the khutbah at Namira, combining Zuhr and Asr, and the standing (wuquf) itself until sunset.

The 9th of Dhul-Hijjah is called the Day of Arafah. Standing on the plain of Arafat this day is the single most important part of Hajj, without it, Hajj does not happen at all.

The Day of Arafah

After Fajr prayer, once the sun has risen, leave Mina and head towards Arafat, saying a dua as you set out.
On the way, if you see Jabal al-Rahmah (the Mount of Mercy), make dua and say tasbih and takbir.
Wash yourself (ghusl) before Zuhr time; this is a strongly recommended sunnah for this day.
Listen to the sermon given after Zuhr, then pray Zuhr and Asr together, one after another, with only one call to prayer between them.
After that, go and stand on the plain of Arafat itself. Standing, sitting, or lying down are all fine; you do not need to climb the hill.
Stay there making dua until the sun sets. Keep saying the Talbiyah, feel sorry for your sins, and ask Allah's forgiveness with all your heart.

Farḍmust do

Being present anywhere on the plain of Arafat for even a moment, at any time between midday on the 9th of Dhul-Hijjah and dawn on the 10th, is fard. Hajj is not valid without it.

Said while setting out for Arafat

اَللّٰهُمَّ اجْعَلۡهَا خَيْرَ غُدۡوَةٍ غَدَوْتُهَا قَطُّ وَ أَقْرِِبۡهَا مِنْ رِضْوَانِكَ وَ أَبْعِدْهَا مِنْ سَخَطِكَ اَللّٰهُمَّ إِلَيْكَ غَدَوْتُ وَإِيَّاكَ رَجَوْتُ وَ عَلَيْكَ اعْتَمَدْتُ وَ وَجْهَكَ أَرَدْتُ فَاجْعَلْنِي مِمَّنْ تَبَاهٰى بِهِ الْيَوْمَ مَنْ هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنِّي وَ أَفْضَلُ

Allāhumma'jʿalhā khayra ghudwatin ghadawtuhā qaṭṭu, wa aqribhā min riḍwānika wa abʿidhā min sakhaṭik. Allāhumma ilayka ghadawtu wa iyyāka rajawtu wa ʿalayka'ʿtamadtu wa wajhaka aradtu, fa'jʿalnī mimman tabāhā bihi'l-yawma man huwa khayrun minnī wa afḍal.

O Allah, make this morning better than all my other mornings, bring it closer to Your pleasure, and keep it far from Your wrath. O Allah, I have set forth toward You, and I have hoped for You, I rely on You, and I seek Your face. So make me among those whom the better and more virtuous of today take pride in.

Said while standing on the plain of Arafat

سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ وَلَآ إِلٰهَ إِلَّا الله

Subḥāna'llāhi wa'l-ḥamdu lillāhi wa lā ilāha illa'llāh.

Glory is to Allah, all praise belongs to Allah, and there is no deity but Allah.

The 9th of Dhul-Hijjah, the Day of Arafah, carries the wuquf (standing) at Arafat: the pillar on which the whole of Hajj depends.

The Day of Arafah

After Fajr, prayed in the darkness before dawn, wait until sunrise, then proceed from the path by Mount Khayf (Dhubb) towards Arafat, or by the road between Muzdalifah and Arafat, reciting the dua of setting out.
On sighting Jabal al-Rahmah, make dua and recite tasbih, tahlil, tahmid, istighfar and takbir. Proceed to stay near the Masjid of Namira (also called the Masjid of Ibrahim).
Eat and drink, then perform ghusl for the wuquf before Zuhr, a strongly emphasised sunnah, in time to be seated in Masjid Namira by or before Zuhr.
After the Imam's khutbah, pray Zuhr and Asr together within Zuhr's time, with a single adhan and two iqamahs, if praying with the main congregation led by the Imam; someone praying alone or with a small group does not combine them. No sunnah or nafl prayer, and no eating or drinking, takes place between the two farḍ prayers.
Proceed at once to the area of Arafat itself (excluding Wadi Urna), and take up a position: mounted or on foot, facing the Qiblah, near or behind the Imam. It is preferable, though not obligatory, to be near the dark stones of Jabal al-Rahmah, where the Prophet ﷺ stood; climbing the hill is not required and confers no superiority over standing elsewhere on the plain.
Standing, sitting or lying down are all valid ways to keep the wuquf. Spread the hands as one in need, recite Subhanallahi wa'l-hamdu lillahi wa la ilaha illallah, call out Talbiyah every so often, and continue until sunset, remembering one's sins, weeping over them, and seeking forgiveness with heart and tongue.
If tears do not come, at least feel remorse for the hardness of one's own heart, and seek forgiveness for parents, teachers, relatives, friends and all Muslims. This day calls for the utmost care to avoid sin, and even to set aside what is merely permissible, staying occupied instead with dua, istighfar, dhikr and Qur'an.

Farḍmust do

The wuquf (being present anywhere on the plain of Arafat, even for a moment, whether knowingly or not, conscious or delirious) at any point between the sun's decline on the 9th of Dhul-Hijjah and dawn on the 10th, is one of the five fard acts of Hajj. Hajj is not valid without it.

Wājibmust do

Remaining at Arafat from the sun's decline until sunset, with a little of the night besides, and not moving off ahead of the Imam when the standing ends, are each wajib acts of Hajj in their own right, additional to the fard of the wuquf itself.

Recited while setting out towards Arafat

Recited continually during the standing

سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ وَلَآ إِلٰهَ إِلَّا الله

Subḥāna'llāhi wa'l-ḥamdu lillāhi wa lā ilāha illa'llāh.

Glory is to Allah, all praise belongs to Allah, and there is no deity but Allah.

The Prophet's ﷺ dua at Arafat

اَللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اَللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اَللهُ أَكْبَرُ وَلِلَّهِ الْحَمْدُ وَلِلَّهِ الْحَمْدُ وَلِلَّهِ الْحَمْدُ لَآ إِلٰهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهٗ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهٗ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَ لَهُ الْحَمْدُ اَللّٰهُمَّ اهْدِنِي بِالْهُدٰى وَ نَقِّنِي وَاعْتَصِمۡنِي بِالتَّقْوٰى وَ اغْفِرْلِي فِي الْاٰخِرَةِ وَالْأُولٰى اَللّٰهُمَّ اجْعَلْهُ حَجًا مبْرُورًا وَّ ذَنْبًا مَّغْفُورًا اَللّٰهُمَّ لَكَ صَلٰوتِي وَنُسُكِي وَمَحْيَايَ وَمَمَاتِي وَ إِلَيْكَ مَاٰ لِي اَللّٰهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ عَذَابِ الۡقَبْرِ وَ وَسْوَسَةِ الصَّدْرِ وَ شَتَاتِ الْأَمْرِ اَللّٰهُمَّ اهْدِنَا بِالْهُدٰى وَزَيَّنَّا بِالتَّقْوٰى وَاغْفِرْ لَنَا فِي الۡاٰخِرَةِ وَالْأُولٰى اَللّٰهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ رِزْقًا حَلَالًا طَيِّبًا مُبَارَكًا اَللّٰهُمَّ إِنَّكَ أَمَرْتَنِي بِالدُّعَاءِ وَ لَكَ الْإِجَابَةُ وَ إِنَّكَ لَا تُخْلِفُ وَعْدَكَ اَللّٰهُمَّ مَا أَحْبَبْتَ مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَحَبِّبۡهُ إِلَيْنَا وَ يَسِّرۡهُ لَنَا وَ مَا كَرِهْتَ مِنْ شَرِّ فَكَرِّهۡهُ إِلَيْنَا وَ جَنِّبْنَاهُ وَلَا تَنْزِعۡ مِنَّا الۡإِسْلَامَ بَعْدَ إِذْ هَدَيْتَنَا لَآ إِلٰهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَحْدَهٗ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهٗ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَ لَهُ الْحَمْدُ يُحْيِي وَ يُمِيتُ وَ هُوَ عَلٰى كُلِّ شَيْء قَدِيرٌ اَللّٰهُمَّ اجْعَلۡ فِي صَدْرِي نُورًا وَّ فِي سَمْعِي نُورًا وَّ فِي بَصَرِي نُورًا وَّ فِي قَلْبِي نُورًا اَللّٰهُمَّ اشْرَحۡ لِي صَدْرِي وَيَسِّرۡ لِي أَمْرِي وَ أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ وَسَاوِسِ الصَّدْرِ وَ تَشْتِيْتِ الْأَمْرِ وَعَذَابِ الْقَبْرِ اَللّٰهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُبِكَ مِنْ شَرِّ مَا يَلِجُ فِي اللَّيْلِ وَ شَرِّ مَا يَلِجُ فِي النَّهَارِ وَ شَرِّ مَا تَهُبُّ الرِّيَاحُ وَ شَرِّ بَوَائِقِ الدَّهْرِ رَبَّنَآ اٰتِنَا فِي الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً وَّ فِي الۡاٰخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً وَّقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ اَللّٰهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُكَ مِنْ خَيْرِ مَا سَأَلَكَ مِنْهُ نَبِيُّكَ وَاَعْوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّ مَا اسْتَعَاذَكَ مِنْهُ نَبِيُّكَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَبَّنَا ظَلَمْنَا اَنْفُسَنَا وَ إِن لَّمْ تَغْفِرۡ لَنَا وَتَرْحَمْنَا لَنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْخٰسِرِينَ رَبِّ اجْعَلْنِي مُقِيمَ الصَّلٰوةِ وَ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِي رَبَّنَا وَتَقَبَّلۡ دُعَآءَ رَبَّنَا اغْفِرۡ لِي وَلِوَالِدَيَّ وَلِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَوْمَ يَقُومُ الْحِسَابُ رَبِّ ارْحَمْهُمَا كَمَا رَبَّيٰنِي صَغِيرًا رَبَّنَا اغْفِرۡ لَنَا وَلِإِخْوَانِنَا الَّذِينَ سَبَقُونَا بِالْإِيْمَانِ وَ لَا تَجْعَلۡ فِي قُلُوبِنَا غِلًّا لِلَّذِينَ اٰمَنُوا رَبَّنَآ إِنَّكَ رَؤُفٌ رَّحِيمٌ رَبَّنَا إِنَّكَ أَنتَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ وَتُبْ عَلَيْنَا إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ التَّوَّابُ الرَّحِيمُ لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ الْعَلِيِّ الْعَظِيمِ اَللّٰهُمَّ إِنَّكَ تَعْلَمُ وَتَرٰى مَكَانِي وَ تَسْمَعُ كَلَامِي وَ تَعْلَمُ سِرِى وَ عَلَانِيَتِي وَ لَا يَخْفٰى عَلَيْكَ شَيْءٌ مِنْ أَمْرِي وَ أَنَا الْبَائِسُ الْفَقِيرُ الْمُسْتَغِيثُ الْمُسْتَجِيرُ الْوَجِلُ الْمُشْفِقُ الْمُقِرُّ الْمُعْتَرِفُ بِذَنْبِهٖ اَسْأَلُكَ مَسْأَلَةَ الْمِسْكِينِ وَابْتَهِلُ إِلَيْكَ ابْتِهَالَ الْمُذْنِبِ الذَّلِيلِ وَ اَدْعُوكَ دُعَاءَ الْخَائِفِ الضَّرِيرِ مَنْ خَضَعَتْ إِلَيْكَ رَقَبَتُهٗ وَ فَاضَتْ عَيْنَاهُ وَ نَحِلَ لَكَ جَسَدُهٗ وَ رَغِمَ لَكَ اَنْفُهٗ اَللّٰهُمَّ لَا تَجْعَلْنِي بِدُعَائِكَ شَقِيًّا وَ كُنْ لِي رَؤُفَاً رَّحِيماً يَا خَيْرَ الْمَسْئُولِينَ وَ يَا خَيْرَ الْمُعْطِينَ يَا أَرْحَمَ الرَّاحِمِينَ وَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ – آمین

Allāhu akbar, Allāhu akbar, Allāhu akbar, wa lillāhi'l-ḥamd, wa lillāhi'l-ḥamd, wa lillāhi'l-ḥamd. Lā ilāha illa'llāhu waḥdahū lā sharīka lah, lahu'l-mulku wa lahu'l-ḥamd. Allāhumma'hdinī bi'l-hudā, wa naqqinī wa'ʿtaṣimnī bi't-taqwā, wa'ghfir lī fi'l-ākhirati wa'l-ūlā. Allāhumma'jʿalhu ḥajjan mabrūran wa dhanban maghfūrā. Allāhumma laka ṣalātī wa nusukī wa maḥyāya wa mamātī, wa ilayka ma'āb. Allāhumma innī aʿūdhu bika min ʿadhābi'l-qabri wa waswasati'ṣ-ṣadri wa shatāti'l-amr. Allāhumma'hdinā bi'l-hudā wa zayyinnā bi't-taqwā wa'ghfir lanā fi'l-ākhirati wa'l-ūlā. Allāhumma innī as'aluka rizqan ḥalālan ṭayyiban mubārakā. Allāhumma innaka amartanī bi'd-duʿā'i wa laka'l-ijābah, wa innaka lā tukhlifu waʿdak. Allāhumma mā aḥbabta min khayrin fa-ḥabbibhu ilaynā wa yassirhu lanā, wa mā karihta min sharrin fa-karrihhu ilaynā wa jannibnāh, wa lā tanziʿ minna'l-Islāma baʿda idh hadaytanā. Lā ilāha illa'llāhu waḥdahū lā sharīka lah, lahu'l-mulku wa lahu'l-ḥamdu yuḥyī wa yumītu wa huwa ʿalā kulli shay'in qadīr. Allāhumma'jʿal fī ṣadrī nūran wa fī samʿī nūran wa fī baṣarī nūran wa fī qalbī nūrā. Allāhumma'shraḥ lī ṣadrī wa yassir lī amrī, wa aʿūdhu bika min waswāsi'ṣ-ṣadri wa tashtīti'l-amri wa ʿadhābi'l-qabr. Allāhumma innī aʿūdhu bika min sharri mā yaliju fi'l-layli wa sharri mā yaliju fi'n-nahāri wa sharri mā tahubbu bihi'r-riyāḥu wa sharri bawā'iqi'd-dahr. Rabbanā ātinā fi'd-dunyā ḥasanatan wa fi'l-ākhirati ḥasanatan wa qinā ʿadhāba'n-nār. Allāhumma innī as'aluka min khayri mā sa'alaka minhu nabiyyuka, wa aʿūdhu bika min sharri ma'staʿādhaka minhu nabiyyuka ṣalla'llāhu ʿalayhi wa sallam. Rabbanā ẓalamnā anfusanā wa in lam taghfir lanā wa tarḥamnā lanakūnanna mina'l-khāsirīn. Rabbi'jʿalnī muqīma'ṣ-ṣalāti wa min dhurriyyatī, rabbanā wa taqabbal duʿā'. Rabbanā'ghfir lī wa li-wālidayya wa li'l-mu'minīna yawma yaqūmu'l-ḥisāb. Rabbi'rḥamhumā kamā rabbayānī ṣaghīrā. Rabbanā'ghfir lanā wa li-ikhwāninā'lladhīna sabaqūnā bi'l-īmān, wa lā tajʿal fī qulūbinā ghillan lilladhīna āmanū, rabbanā innaka ra'ūfun raḥīm. Rabbanā innaka anta's-samīʿu'l-ʿalīm, wa tub ʿalaynā innaka anta't-tawwābu'r-raḥīm. Lā ḥawla wa lā quwwata illā billāhi'l-ʿaliyyi'l-ʿaẓīm. Allāhumma innaka taʿlamu wa tarā makānī wa tasmaʿu kalāmī wa taʿlamu sirrī wa ʿalāniyatī, wa lā yakhfā ʿalayka shay'un min amrī, wa ana'l-bā'isu'l-faqīru'l-mustaghīthu'l-mustajīru'l-wajilu'l-mushfiqu'l-muqirru'l-muʿtarifu bi-dhanbih. As'aluka mas'alata'l-miskīn, wa abtahilu ilayka'btihāla'l-mudhnibi'dh-dhalīl, wa adʿūka duʿā'a'l-khā'ifi'ḍ-ḍarīr, man khaḍaʿat ilayka raqabatuhū wa fāḍat ʿaynāhu wa naḥila laka jasaduhū wa raghima laka anfuh. Allāhumma lā tajʿalnī bi-duʿā'ika shaqiyyan wa kun lī ra'ūfan raḥīmā, yā khayra'l-mas'ūlīna wa yā khayra'l-muʿṭīn, yā arḥama'r-rāḥimīn, wa'l-ḥamdu lillāhi rabbi'l-ʿālamīn. Āmīn.

Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest, Allah is the Greatest. All praise is for Allah, all praise is for Allah, all praise is for Allah. There is no true deity except Allah, He is alone with no partner. To Him belongs the kingdom and to Him is the praise. O Allah! Guide me to the straight path, purify me, strengthen me in piety, and forgive me in this world and the Hereafter. O Allah! Accept this pilgrimage as an accepted one and make it an expiation of sins. O Allah! My prayer, my worship, my life, and my death are all for You, and to You is my return. O Allah! I seek refuge in You from the punishment of the grave, from the whispering of the chest, and from the distress of affairs. O Allah! Guide us to the straight path, adorn us with piety, and forgive us in this world and the Hereafter. O Allah! I ask You for lawful, pure, and blessed sustenance. O Allah! You have commanded me to ask, and You are the One who answers, and You never break Your promise. O Allah! Whatever good You love, make it dear to us and ease it for us, and whatever evil You dislike, make it hateful to us and keep us away from it. Do not take away Islam from us after You have guided us. There is no true deity except Allah, He is alone with no partner. To Him belongs the kingdom and to Him is the praise. He gives life and causes death, and He has power over all things. O Allah! Place light in my chest, in my hearing, in my sight, and in my heart. O Allah! Open my chest for me and make my task easy for me, and I seek refuge in You from the whisperings of the chest, from the distress of affairs, and from the punishment of the grave. O Allah! I seek Your refuge from the evils of the night, from the evils of the day, from the evils of the winds, and from the disasters of time. Our Lord! Grant us good in this world and in the Hereafter, and protect us from the punishment of the Fire. O Allah! I ask You for the good that Your Prophet ﷺ asked You for, and I seek refuge in You from the evil that Your Prophet ﷺ sought refuge from. Our Lord! We have wronged ourselves, and unless You forgive us and have mercy on us, we will certainly be among the losers. O Lord! Make me and my offspring established in prayer. O Lord! Accept my supplication. Our Lord! Forgive me, my parents, and all the Muslims on the Day of Judgment. O Lord! Have mercy on both of them as they raised me when I was young. Our Lord! Forgive us and our Muslim brothers who came before us in faith, and do not place in our hearts any hatred toward those who have believed. Our Lord! Surely, You are Compassionate and Merciful. Our Lord! Surely, You are the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing. Grant us the ability to repent, for You are the One who grants the ability to repent and are Merciful. There is no power and no strength except by Allah, the Great and Almighty. O Allah! Surely You know my status, You hear my words, You know my apparent and hidden matters, and nothing of my affairs is hidden from You. I am truly poor and needy, I am beseeching You, overwhelmed with fear, confessing my sins, humbling myself before You. I ask You like a poor person, and I call upon You like a sinful, degraded one, with a body weak and a head bowed in Your presence, and my eyes full of tears. O Allah! Do not let my supplication go unanswered and be merciful to me. O the Best of those who are asked and the Most Forgiving! O the Most Merciful of those who show mercy! All praise is for the Lord of all the worlds. Ameen.

The dua of Khidr

يَا مَنْ لَّا يَشْغَلُهٗ شَأْنٌ عَنْ شَأْنٍ وَلَا سَمْعٌ عَنْ سَمْعِ وَلَا تَشْتَبِهُ عَلَيْهِ الْأَصْوَاتُ يَا مَنْ لَا يَغْلِطُهٗ كَثۡرَةُ الْمَسَائِلِ بِالْحَاجَاتِ وَلَا يَخْتَلِفُ عَلَيْهِ اللُّغَاتُ وَ يَا مَنْ لَا يُبْرَمُهٗ اِلْحَاحُ الْمُلِحِّينَ فِي الدُّعَاءِ وَ لَا تَضْجِرُهٗ مَسْأَلَةُ السَّائِلِينَ أَذِقْنَا بَرْدَ عَفْوِكَ وَ حَلَاوَةَ مَغْفِرَتِكَ وَ لَذَّةَ مُنَاجَاتِكَ وَ رَحْمَتِكَ

Yā man lā yashghaluhū sha'nun ʿan sha'nin wa lā samʿun ʿan samʿin wa lā tashtabihu ʿalayhi'l-aṣwāt, yā man lā yaghliṭuhū kathratu'l-masā'ili bi'l-ḥājāt wa lā yakhtalifu ʿalayhi'l-lughāt, wa yā man lā yubrimuhū ilḥāḥu'l-mulliḥīna fi'd-duʿā'i wa lā tuḍjiruhū mas'alatu's-sā'ilīn, adhiqnā barda ʿafwika wa ḥalāwata maghfiratika wa ladhdhata munājātika wa raḥmatik.

O You Who is not distracted by one matter from another, nor by one sound from another, and Whose hearing is not confused by voices; O You Who is not misled by the multitude of requests; O You Whose attention is not divided by different languages; O You Who is not overwhelmed by the persistence of those who make supplications, and not troubled by the questions of those who ask. Let us taste the coolness of Your forgiveness, the sweetness of Your pardon, and the pleasure of conversing with You, and Your mercy.

A dua from Ihya Ulum al-Din

اِلٰهِي مَنْ مَّدَحَ إِلَيْكَ نَفْسَهٗ فَإِنِّي لَائِمٌ لِنَفْسِي اَخْرَسَتِ الْمَعَاصِي لِسَانِي فَمَالِي وَسِيلَةٌ مِنْ عَمَلٍ وَلَا شَفِيعٌ سِوا الْأَمَلِ

Ilāhī man madaḥa ilayka nafsahū fa-innī lā'imun li-nafsī, akhrasati'l-maʿāṣī lisānī, famā lī wasīlatun min ʿamalin wa lā shafīʿun siwa'l-amal.

O Allah! Those who praised themselves in Your presence would have done so, but I am one who blames himself. Sins have silenced my tongue. Thus, I have neither the means of deeds nor an intercessor except hope in You.

The wuqūf at ʿArafah on the 9th of Dhū al-Ḥijjah is the rukn on which the validity of the whole Ḥajj turns; every other rite is subordinate to it in the sense that its omission, unlike that of wuqūf, does not itself void the Ḥajj.

The Day of ʿArafah, in order

Fajr is prayed in the last darkness before dawn; the pilgrim then waits for sunrise before proceeding from the path by Mount Khayf, called al-Dhubb, towards ʿArafah, or by the road linking Muzdalifah and ʿArafah, reciting the duʿā of setting out.
ʿArafah's name is explained variously: that it was there Ibrāhīm ʿalayhi's-salām recognised his dream as revelation, or that Jibrīl ʿalayhi's-salām taught him the rites there, or that Ādam and Ḥawwā' recognised (taʿārafā) one another there. On sighting Jabal al-Raḥmah, duʿā, tasbīḥ, tahlīl, taḥmīd, istighfār and takbīr are recited, and the pilgrim proceeds to the vicinity of Masjid Namirah (also Masjid Ibrāhīm), Namirah naming the place or mountain marking the Ḥaram's boundary here.
Ghusl for the wuqūf, a sunnah mu'akkadah, is performed before Ẓuhr, after eating and drinking, so as to be seated in Masjid Namirah by or before Ẓuhr.
After the Imam's khuṭbah, Ẓuhr and ʿAṣr are combined within Ẓuhr's time with a single adhān and two iqāmahs, conditioned on praying with the Imam's main congregation; one praying alone or with a lesser congregation does not combine them. No sunnah or nafl prayer, and no eating or drinking, intervenes between the two farḍs.
The pilgrim proceeds at once to the ground of ʿArafah proper (excluding Wādī ʿUranah), taking a position mounted or on foot, facing the qiblah, near or behind the Imam. Proximity to the dark stones of Jabal al-Raḥmah, where the Prophet ﷺ stood, is preferable but not required; ascending the mount confers no superiority, the whole plain being equal for the purpose of wuqūf.
Standing, sitting, or reclining all satisfy the wuqūf. The hands are spread as a destitute person's; Subḥāna'llāhi wa'l-ḥamdu lillāhi wa lā ilāha illa'llāh is recited continuously with humility until sunset, Talbiyah being called out at intervals; sins are recalled and wept over, and forgiveness sought with heart and tongue.
Where tears do not come, one frowns and grieves over the very hardness of heart that withholds them, and seeks forgiveness for parents, teachers, relatives, friends and all Muslims. Utmost care is taken this day to avoid sin and blame, and even to forgo the merely permissible, remaining occupied instead with duʿā, istighfār, dhikr and Qur'anic recitation; such a day, it is said, will not come again.

Farḍmust do

Wuqūf bi-ʿArafah (presence anywhere within the bounds of ʿArafah for even a moment, whether the pilgrim is aware of it or not, and whether conscious or in a state of delirium) at any time from the sun's zawāl on the 9th of Dhū al-Ḥijjah until the dawn of the 10th, is one of the five farḍ acts of Ḥajj, alongside iḥrām (a condition), Tawaf al-Ziyārah, the correct order among the three, and each within its appointed time. Between wuqūf and Tawaf al-Ziyārah, wuqūf carries the greater weight: intercourse before wuqūf voids the Ḥajj outright, while intercourse after wuqūf but before Tawaf al-Ziyārah does not.

Wājibmust do

Remaining at ʿArafah from zawāl until sunset and a little into the night, and not departing ahead of the Imam when the wuqūf ends, are each independently wājib, distinct from the farḍ of the wuqūf itself; a departure that anticipates the Imam after sunset is one of the acts enumerated among the jināyāt requiring damm.

Recited setting out towards ʿArafah

Recited continually throughout the wuqūf

سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ وَ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ وَلَآ إِلٰهَ إِلَّا الله

Subḥāna'llāhi wa'l-ḥamdu lillāhi wa lā ilāha illa'llāh.

Glory is to Allah, all praise belongs to Allah, and there is no deity but Allah.

The Prophet's ﷺ duʿā at ʿArafah

The duʿā of al-Khiḍr ʿalayhi's-salām

A duʿā from al-Ghazālī's Iḥyā' ʿUlūm al-Dīn

Ilāhī man madaḥa ilayka nafsahū fa-innī lā'imun li-nafsī, akhrasati'l-maʿāṣī lisānī, famā lī wasīlatun min ʿamalin wa lā shafīʿun siwa'l-amal.

Terms on this page

wuquf

The Day of Arafah

The Day of Arafah

The Day of ʿArafah, in order

Terms on this page

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